- Indonesia e rera ho emisa ho haha limela tse ncha tse chesitsoeng ka mashala ka mor'a 2023, tse nang le matla a eketsehileng a motlakase a tla hlahisoa feela mehloling e mecha le e nchafalitsoeng.
- Litsebi tsa nts'etsopele le mekhatlo e ikemetseng ba amohetse moralo ona, empa ba bang ba re ha se tabatabelo e lekaneng kaha o ntse o kenyelletsa kaho ea lifeme tse ncha tsa mashala tse seng li saennoe.
- Hang ha limela tsena li se li hahiloe, li tla sebetsa lilemo tse mashome tse tlang, ’me mosi oa tsona o tla bolela tlokotsi bakeng sa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.
- Ho boetse ho na le likhang mabapi le seo 'muso o se nkang e le "matla a macha le a ka nchafatsoang", moo o kopanyang letsatsi le moea hammoho le biomass, nyutlelie le mashala a nang le gasified.
Setsi sa ntlafatso sa Indonesia se ntse se le ka morao ho baahisani ba sona ba Asia Boroa-bochabela - leha e kenyelletsa mehloli e tloaelehileng e "nchafatsoang" joalo ka solar, geothermal le hydro, hammoho le mehloli e "ncha" e tsosang khang joalo ka biomass, biofuel e thehiloeng ka oli ea palema, mashala a nang le gasified, 'me, ho ea ka khopolo, nyutlelie.Ho tloha ka 2020, mehloli ena e mecha ea matla e nchafalitsoenge entsoe feela11.5% ya marangrang a motlakase a naha.Mmuso o lebelletse ho hlahisa 23% ea matla a naha ho tsoa mehloling e mecha le e ka nchafatsoang ka 2025.
Mashala, ao Indonesia e nang le mehloli e mengata ea polokelo, a etsa hoo e ka bang 40% ea motsoako oa matla a naha.
Indonesia e ne e ka finyella mesi ea nete-zero ka 2050 haeba mesi e tsoang ho limela tsa matla e fokotsehile ka potlako kamoo ho ka khonehang, kahoo senotlolo sa pele ke ho emisa ka ho feletseng ho haha limela tse ncha tsa mashala bonyane ka mor'a 2025. Empa haeba ho khoneha, pele ho 2025 ho molemo.
Ho kenya letsoho lefapheng la poraefete
Ka boemo ba hajoale, moo lefats'e lohle le ntseng le tsoela pele ho fokotsa moruo, lefapha la poraefete Indonesia le hloka ho fetoha.Nakong e fetileng, mananeo a ’muso a ne a hatella taba ea ho aha litsi tsa mashala, empa hona joale ho se ho fapane.Ka hona, lik'hamphani li hloka ho kenella ho aheng lifeme tsa motlakase tse nchafalitsoeng.
Likhamphani li hloka ho elelloa hore ha ho na bokamoso ba libeso, ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea mekhatlo ea lichelete e phatlalatsang hore e tla hula lichelete tsa merero ea mashala tlas'a khatello e ntseng e eketseha ho tsoa ho bareki le beng ba liabo ba batlang ho nka khato mabapi le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.
Korea Boroa, e neng e tšehelitse ka lichelete lifeme tsa matla a mashala mose ho maoatle, ho kenyeletsoa le Indonesia, lipakeng tsa 2009 le 2020, haufinyane e phatlalalitse hore e tla felisa lichelete tsohle tse ncha tsa merero ea mashala mose ho maoatle.
E mong le e mong oa bona hore limela tsa mashala ha li na bokamoso, joale ke hobane'ng ha u ikhathatsa ka lichelete tsa merero ea mashala?Hobane haeba ba tšehetsa lichelete tsa limela tse ncha tsa mashala, ho na le monyetla oa hore e be thepa e tsielehileng.
Kamora 2027, lifeme tsa matla a letsatsi, ho kenyeletsoa polokelo ea tsona, le lifeme tsa matla a moea li tla hlahisa motlakase o theko e tlase ha o bapisoa le oa mashala.Kahoo haeba PLN e tsoela pele ho haha limela tse ncha tsa mashala ntle le khefu, monyetla oa hore limela tseo e be matlotlo a tsielehileng o moholo.
Lekala la poraefete le lokela ho kenya letsoho [ho nts'etsopele ea matla a tsosolositsoeng].Nako le nako ha ho hlokahala hore ho be le matla a macha a ka nchafatsoang, mema lekala la poraefete feela.Leano la ho emisa ho aha dipolante tse ntjha tsa mashala le lokela ho bonwa e le monyetla bakeng sa lekala la poraefete ho tsetela ho tse ntjhafatswang.
Ntle le ho kenya letsoho ha lefapha la poraefete, ho tla ba thata haholo ho nts'etsapele lefapha le nchafalitsoeng Indonesia.
Lilemo tse mashome ho feta tsa mashala a tukang
Leha ho beha nako ea ho qetela ea kaho ea limela tse ncha tsa mashala e le mohato oa pele oa bohlokoa, ha hoa lekana hore Indonesia e tlohele libeso.
Hang ha limela tsena tsa mashala li se li hahiloe, li tla sebetsa lilemo tse mashome tse tlang, tse tla koala Indonesia hore e be moruo o matla oa carbon ho feta nako ea ho qetela ea 2023.
Tlas’a boemo bo botle ka ho fetisisa, Indonesia e lokela ho emisa ho haha limela tse ncha tsa mashala ho tloha joale ntle le ho emela ho phethela lenaneo la 35 000 MW le lenaneo la [7 000 MW] e le ho finyella pakane ea ho fokotsa ho futhumala ha lefatše hore e be 1,5° Celsius ka 2050.
Theknoloji e kholo ea polokelo ea betri e hlokahalang ho etsa hore moea le letsatsi li tšepahale haholoanyane e ntse e le theko e boima haholo.Seo se fana ka phetoho efe kapa efe e potlakileng le e kholo ho tloha ho mashala ho ea ho lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng hore e se fihlellehe hajoale.
Hape, theko ea letsatsi e theohile hoo motho a neng a ka khona ho haha sistimi ho feta tekano ho fana ka matla a lekaneng, esita le matsatsing a maru.’Me kaha mafura a ka nchafatsoang ha a lefelloe, ho fapana le mashala kapa khase ea tlhaho, tlhahiso e feteletseng hase bothata.
Phaseout ea limela tsa khale
Litsebi li kopile hore litsi tsa khale tsa mashala, tseo li reng li silafatsa haholo ebile li bitsa chelete e ngata ho li sebetsa, li tlosoe pele ho nako.Haeba re batla ho lumellana [le sepheo sa rona sa boemo ba leholimo], re hloka ho qala ho felisa mashala ho tloha ka 2029, kapele-pele.Re hloaile lifeme tse tsofetseng tsa motlakase tse ka felisoang pele ho 2030, tse seng li qetile lilemo tse fetang 30 li sebetsa.
Leha ho le joalo, mmuso ho fihlela joale ha o so phatlalatse merero ea ho felisa limela tsa khale tsa mashala.E tla ba e felletseng haholoanyane haeba PLN le eona e na le sepheo sa ho emisa, kahoo e se ke ea emisa feela ho aha limela tse ncha tsa mashala.
Phello e felletseng ea limela tsohle tsa mashala e khonahala feela lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 30 ho tloha joale.Leha ho le joalo, mmuso o ne o tla hloka ho beha melaoana e tšehetsang ho felisoa ha mashala le nts'etsopele ea a ka nchafatsoang.
Haeba [melaoana] kaofela e tsamaellana, lekala la poraefete ha le tsotelle ho hang haeba lifeme tsa khale tsa mashala lia koaloa.Mohlala, re na le likoloi tsa khale ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1980 tse nang le lienjineri tse sa sebetseng hantle.Likoloi tsa hona joale li sebetsa hantle haholoanyane.
Nako ea poso: Aug-19-2021